11. ABOUT COASTAL REGION IN INDIA

Coastal data
Length of coastline	7516.6 km Mainland: 5422.6 km Island Territories: 2094 km
Total Land Area	3,287,263 km²
Area of continental shelf	372,424 km²
Territorial sea (up to 12 nautical miles)	193,834 km²
Exclusive Economic Zone	2.02 x106 million km²
Maritime States and UT
Number of coastal States and Union Territories	Nine states 1.      Gujarat 2.      Maharashtra 3.      Goa 4.      Karnataka 5.      Kerala 6.      Tamil Nadu 7.      Andhra Pradesh 8.      Odisha 9.      West Bengal Two Union Territories 1.      Daman & Diu 2.      Puducherry
Island Territories	1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Bay of Bengal) 2. Lakshadeweep Islands (Arabian Sea)
Total number of coastal districts	66 coastal districts in mainland India; 3 in Andaman & Nicobar and 1 in Lakshadweep
Coastal Geomorphology (Mainland)
Sandy Beach	43 %
Rocky Coast	11%
Muddy Flats	36%
Marshy Coast	10%
Coastline affected by erosion	1624.435 km mainland 132 (islands) (CPDAC)
Population
Total Population of India	1.28 billion (Census 2014, Source: www.indiaonlinepages.com)
Population of Coastal States and Union Territories	560 million
Population of Island Territories	0.44 million
Total Population of coastal districts	171 million
Percentage of population in coastal districts of India	14.2 %
Coastal Ecosystems
Coastal wetlands	43230 km²
Major estuaries	97
Major Lagoons	34
Mangrove Areas	31
Area under mangroves	6740 km² (57% East coast,23% west coast, 20% Andaman &Nicobar Islands)
Coral Reef Areas	5
Marine Protected Areas	31
Area Covered by MPA	6271.2 km²
Coastal Biodiversity
Marine Algae	217 genera  844 species
Seagrasses	6 genera 14 species
Mangroves	25 families, 43 genera, 39 species Associated flora: 420 Associated fauna: 1862
Crustaceans	2934 species
Molluscs	3370 speceis
Echinoderms	765 species
Hard Corals	218 species
Fishes	2546 species
Reptiles	5 sea turtle species 26 sea snake species
Marine Mammals	25 reported from Indian waters 3 species of cetaceans: Irrawaddy dolphin, Ganges River Dolphin and Sperm whale; Dugong listed in Schedule I of Wildlife Act 1972
Marine Fisheries (Source: CMFRI)
Number of Marine Fishing Villages	3288 (CMFRI Census 2010)
Fishermen Population	about 4 million comprising in 864,550 families
Number of Fishing Harbours	Major fishing harbours: 6 Minor fishing harbours: 40
Number of Fish Landing Centres	1511 (CMFRI Census 2010)
Estimated marine Fish Landing	3820207 tonnes  (2011)
Fishing craft	194,490 crafts mechanized: 37% motorized:  37% non-motorized: 26%
Ports and Harbours (Source: Indian Ports Association)
Major Ports	13
State wise number of ports	Gujarat: 40 Maharashtra: 53 Goa: 5 Daman & Diu: 2 Karnataka: 10 Kerala: 13 Lakshadweep Islands: 10 Tamil Nadu: 15 Puducherry: 1 Andhra Pradesh: 12 Odisha: 2 West Bengal: 1 Andaman & Nicobar Islands: 23